在集中產生有害物的局部地點，設置捕集裝置，將有害物排走，以控制有害物向室內擴散，這種通風方法稱為局部排風。這是防毒，排塵有效的通風方法.
In the local places where harmful substances are produced in a concentrated way, the trapping device is set to discharge the harmful substances, so as to control the diffusion of harmful substances indoors. This ventilation method is called local ventilation. This is an effective ventilation method for poison prevention and dust removal
局部排風系統(tǒng)由以下幾部分組成：
The local exhaust system consists of the following parts:
(1)局部排風罩
(1) Local exhaust hood
局部排風罩是用來捕集有害物的。它的性能對局部排風系統(tǒng)的技術經濟指標有直接影響。性能良好的局部排風罩，如密閉罩，只要較小的風量就可以獲得良好的工作效果。由于生產設備和操作的不同，排風罩的形式是多種多樣的。
The local exhaust hood is used to catch harmful substances. Its performance has a direct impact on the technical and economic indicators of the local exhaust system. Local exhaust hood with good performance, such as airtight hood, can achieve good working effect as long as the air volume is small. Due to different production equipment and operation, the exhaust hood has various forms.
(2)風管
(2) Air duct
通風系統(tǒng)中輸送氣體的管道稱為風管，它把系統(tǒng)中的各種設備或部件連成了一個整體。為了提高系統(tǒng)的經濟性，應合理選定風管中的氣體流速，管路應力求短、直。風管通常用表面光滑的材料制作，如：薄鋼板、聚氯乙烯板，有時也用混凝土、磚等材料。
The pipes conveying gas in the ventilation system are called air ducts, which connect various equipment or components in the system into a whole. In order to improve the economy of the system, the gas flow rate in the air duct shall be reasonably selected, and the pipeline shall be as short and straight as possible. The air duct is usually made of materials with smooth surface, such as steel sheet, PVC sheet, and sometimes concrete, bricks and other materials.
(3)除塵、凈化設備
(3) Dedusting and purification equipment
為了防止大氣污染，當排出空氣中有害物量超過排放標準時，建議用凈化設備處理，達到排放標準后，排人大氣。凈化設備分除塵器和有害氣體凈化裝置兩類
In order to prevent air pollution, when the amount of harmful substances in the discharged air exceeds the emission standard, it must be treated with purification equipment, and discharged into the atmosphere after reaching the emission standard. Purification equipment includes dust remover and harmful gas purification device.
(4)風機
(4) Fan
風機向機械排風系統(tǒng)捉供空氣流動的動力。為了防止風機的磨損和腐蝕，通常把它放在凈化設備的后面。
The fan provides power for air flow to the mechanical exhaust system. In order to prevent abrasion and corrosion of the fan, it is usually placed behind the purification equipment.
如果只對局部地點進行排風或送風，即局部通風;如果對整個車間進行排風或送風，則為多維度通風。通常，按通風系統(tǒng)的作用范圍不同，可將通風分為局部通風、多維度通風和事故通風。局部通風系統(tǒng)又分為局部進風和局部排風兩大類，它們都是利用局部氣流，使局部工作地點不受有害物的污染，造成良好的空氣環(huán)境。
If only exhaust or supply air to local places, that is, local ventilation; If the whole workshop is ventilated or supplied, it is fully ventilated. Generally, ventilation can be divided into local ventilation, general ventilation and emergency ventilation according to the different scope of action of the ventilation system. The local ventilation system can be divided into two categories: local air inlet and local air exhaust. Both of them make use of local airflow to protect local workplaces from harmful substances and create a good air environment.
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